Cotas

Simon Schwartzman:
Ação afirmativa no ensino superior brasileiro: a vez de São Paulo
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Tráfico de escravos em Pernambuco

FINANCIAMENTO E ORGANIZAÇÃO
DO TRÁFICO DE ESCRAVOS PARA
PERNAMBUCO NO SÉCULO XIX
SINOPSE
Dados apurados em pesquisas realizadas na última década mostram que o Recife foi o
quinto maior centro mundial de tráfico escravista.i No entanto, o tráfico para o Recife
é ainda pouco pesquisado. Sabe-se que as mais de 1.350 viagens para o Recife, nos
quase três séculos do tráfico, tiveram em geral origem neste porto. Foram, portanto,
de iniciativa de agentes locais e, provavelmente, financiadas localmente. Porém, não
se sabe quem foram tais agentes. Este trabalho busca trazer esclarecimentos quanto a
este ponto, a partir de dados primários da pesquisa envolvendo cerca de 4 mil inventários
pernambucanos, entre outras fontes. O período coberto, 1801-1851, abrange
a fase de maior intensidade do tráfico de escravos, 1801-1830, quando o número
de escravos desembarcados foi maior que um terço do total para todo o período do
tráfico pernambucano.
Mais

A ideologia brasileira da economia

Economista explica como funciona a sociedade do consumo

23:09em 03/01/20131.420 visualizações

Para estimular o consumo, o governo baixou juros, cortou impostos, facilitou vendas à prazo e manteve a política de aumento real do salário mínimo. O Sem Fronteiras mostra como funciona a sociedade do consumo nas grandes metrópoles do Brasil

http://globotv.globo.com/globo-news/sem-fronteiras/t/todos-os-videos/v/economista-explica-como-funciona-a-sociedade-do-consumo/2326410/

A teologia da Dilma

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=lEveeR72c48

Ricupero sobre a Guerra do Paraguai

Rubens Ricupero

Pior que a Guerra do Paraguai

Somemos o custo de projetos faraônicos no Brasil e chegaremos a um atraso superior a 50 anos de guerra

"Maldita guerra, atrasa-nos meio século!". Francisco Doratioto, autor de magistral história da Guerra do Paraguai, foi buscar o título da obra nessa frase do barão de Cotegipe, logo no início do conflito.
Os fatos provaram que o líder baiano do Partido Conservador não se enganou. A Guerra da Tríplice Aliança não só infligiu ao Paraguai feridas das quais nunca se recobrou até nossos dias. A vitória nominal do Império do Brasil foi alcançada a custo tão alto que marcou o início do fim do regime.
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Quer ter sucesso?

Contra o conceito de "fairness"

From the school yard to the workplace, there’s no charge more damning than “You’re being unfair!” Born out of democracy and raised in open markets, fairness has become our de facto modern creed. The very symbol of American ethics—Lady Justice—wears a blindfold as she weighs the law on her impartial scale. In our zealous pursuit of fairness, we have banished our urges to like one person more than another, one thing over another, hiding them away as dirty secrets of our humanity. In Against Fairness, polymath philosopher Stephen T. Asma drags them triumphantly back into the light. Through playful, witty, but always serious arguments and examples, he vindicates our unspoken and undeniable instinct to favor, making the case that we would all be better off if we showed our unfair tendencies a little more kindness—indeed, if we favored favoritism.

Conscious of the egalitarian feathers his argument is sure to ruffle, Asma makes his point by synthesizing a startling array of scientific findings, historical philosophies, cultural practices, analytic arguments, and a variety of personal and literary narratives to give a remarkably nuanced and thorough understanding of how fairness and favoritism fit within our moral architecture. Examining everything from the survival-enhancing biochemistry that makes our mothers love us to the motivating properties of our “affective community,” he not only shows how we favor but the reasons we should. Drawing on thinkers from Confucius to Tocqueville to Nietzsche, he reveals how we have confused fairness with more noble traits, like compassion and open-mindedness. He dismantles a number of seemingly egalitarian pursuits, from classwide Valentine’s Day cards to civil rights, to reveal the envy that lies at their hearts, going on to prove that we can still be kind to strangers, have no prejudice, and fight for equal opportunity at the same time we reserve the best of what we can offer for those dearest to us.

Fed up with the blue-ribbons-for-all absurdity of "fairness" today, and wary of the psychological paralysis it creates, Asma resets our moral compass with favoritism as its lodestar, providing a strikingly new and remarkably positive way to think through all our actions, big and small.

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Guerra de Paraguai

Britain and Paraguay

Puppeteers or bystanders?

Jan 4th 2013, 20:48 by D.R. | NEW YORK

AS THE author of our Christmas special on the War of the Triple Alliance, a conflict that raged from 1865-70 between Paraguay and a coalition of Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay, I’ve paid close attention to the burgeoning comment thread regarding the piece. One theme in particular leaps out: the criticism that the article misrepresented history by ignoring the role of Britain in the war. Of the 107 people who have waded into the forum so far, no fewer than 15 different participants have independently claimed, to greater or lesser degrees, that British interests (be it the government or companies based there) orchestrated the conflict to undermine Paraguay’s independent industrialisation and secure profits for its financiers and exporters. This interpretation—derived from the dependency theory school of foreign relations (which holds that the West became rich by exploiting underdeveloped countries) and advanced by leftist authors such as Uruguay’s Eduardo Galeano, Argentina’s León Pomer and Brazil’s Júlio José Chiavenato—has been widely taught in Latin America for decades.

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A verdade sobre anestesia

Awakening

Since its introduction in 1846, anesthesia has allowed for medical miracles. Limbs can be removed, tumors examined, organs replaced—and a patient will feel and remember nothing. Or so we choose to believe. In reality, tens of thousands of patients each year in the United States alone wake up at some point during surgery. Since their eyes are taped shut and their bodies are usually paralyzed, they cannot alert anyone to their condition. In efforts to eradicate this phenomenon, medicine has been forced to confront how little we really know about anesthesia’s effects on the brain. The doctor who may be closest to a solution may also answer a question that has confounded centuries’ worth of scientists and philosophers: What does it mean to be conscious? 

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Mais um exemplo das absurdidades justiciais

O paciente de R$ 800 mil

A história do rapaz que recebe do SUS o tratamento mais caro do mundo revela um dos maiores desafios do Brasil: resolver o conflito entre o direito individual e o direito coletivo à saúde

CRISTIANE SEGATTO

"... Cada vidrinho de 30 mililitros custa mais de R$ 11 mil. Em menos de meia hora, a corrente sanguínea de Rafael absorve o conteúdo de três frascos, diluído numa bolsa de soro. São R$ 35 mil a cada 15 dias. Cerca de R$ 70 mil por mês. Mais de R$ 800 mil por ano.
O remédio não cura, mas melhora a qualidade de vida. Se Rafael quiser continuar levando uma rotina normal, precisará receber o Soliris para sempre. Vida normal, no caso dele, significa acordar cedo e trabalhar em horário comercial numa empresa que faz geoprocessamento de imagens de satélite. No final do dia, voltar para casa a tempo de jantar com a mulher, Fabiana, no pequeno apartamento de São José dos Campos emprestado ao casal pelos pais dele. Rafael não precisa se preocupar com o aluguel. Nem com as despesas de seu tratamento. Em cinco anos, os gastos (apenas com o medicamento) ultrapassarão os R$ 4 milhões. Quem paga é o SUS, o Sistema Único de Saúde. Religiosamente. Sem atraso. Como ele conseguiu isso tudo? Como milhares de outros doentes em todo o Brasil, Rafael entrou na Justiça com uma ação contra o governo estadual...
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Catolicismo em favor de livre mercado

On-Campus Education
Peace on Earth: The Catholic Case for Free Markets
Evening Lecture and Reception at Duquesne University

January 18, 2013 Register!

Join the Institute for Humane Studies for an evening lecture and reception, co-hosted by the Institute for Humane Studies and Duquesne University economics professor Antony Davies.

The program will feature author and Catholic libertarian Jeffrey Tucker examining competing moral claims made by free market advocates and socialists, through the lens of Catholic social thought.

The event is open to the public but space is limited. You are encouraged to register by January 14th to reserve a seat. Register!

Schedule
 •6:45-7:00 PM  Check-in
•7:00-8:30 PM Jeff Tucker Speech/ Q&A Discussion
•8:30-9:30 PM  Reception

Speaker: Jeffrey Tucker, Executive Editor, Laissez Faire Books
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Pare

A competição de melandros

Obsessed by Megalomania

Interview with Hans-Hermann Hoppe

Are taxes nothing but protection money? The state a kind of mafia? Democracy a fraud? Philosopher Hans-Hermann Hoppe is not only considered one of the most prominent pioneering intellectuals of the libertarian movement, but also perhaps the sharpest critic of the Western political system. Professor Hoppe: In your essay collection ‘Der Wettbewerb der Gauner’ (‘The Competition of Crooks’) you write that ‘99 percent of citizens, asked if the state was necessary, would answer yes.’ Me too! Why am I wrong?
Hoppe: All of us, from childhood, have been moulded by state or state licensed institutions – preschools, schools, universities. So the result you quoted is not surprising. However, if I asked you whether you said yes to an institution having the last word in each conflict, even in those it is itself involved in, you would certainly say no – unless you hoped to be in charge of this institution yourself.
Er ... correct.
Hoppe: Of course, because you know that such an institution cannot only mediate in conflicts but also cause them, you can recognize that it can then resolve them to its own advantage. In the face of this I, for one, would live in fear of my life and property. However, it is precisely this, the ultimate power of judicial decision-making, that is the specific characteristic of the institution known as the state.
Correct, but on the other hand the state is based on a social contract, which provides the individual with protection and space for personal fulfilment, which without the state he would not have – in a struggle of all against all.
Hoppe: No, the state is anything but the result of a contract! No one with even just an ounce of common sense would agree to such a contract. I have a lot of contracts in my files, but nowhere is there one like this. The state is the result of aggressive force and subjugation. It has evolved without contractual foundation, just like a gang of protection racketeers. And concerning the struggle of all against all: that is a myth. Of course the racketeer protects his victims on "his" territory from other racketeers, but only so he can conduct his own racket more successfully. Moreover: It is states that are responsible for the deaths of hundreds of millions of people and immeasurable destruction in the 20th century alone. Compared to that, the victims of private crimes are almost negligible. And do you seriously believe that conflicts between the inhabitants of the tri-border region [of France, Germany and Switzerland] near Basle, who are living together in a condition of anarchy, are more numerous than conflicts between the inhabitants of Dortmund and Düsseldorf, who are citizens of one and the same state [Germany]? Not that I know of.
Why in your view is democracy just a "competition of crooks"? 
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Comte em EUA

Michael Knox Beran

Abolish Social Studies

Born a century ago, the pseudo-discipline has outlived its uselessness.

"... In 1912, the National Education Association, today the largest labor union in the United States, formed a Committee on the Social Studies. In its 1916 report, The Social Studies in Secondary Education, the committee opined that if social studies (defined as studies that relate to “man as a member of a social group”) took a place in American high schools, students would acquire “the social spirit,” and “the youth of the land” would be “steadied by an unwavering faith in humanity.” This was an allusion to the “religion of humanity” preached by the French social thinker Auguste Comte, who believed that a scientifically trained ruling class could build a better world by curtailing individual freedom in the name of the group. In Comtian fashion, the committee rejected the idea that education’s primary object was the cultivation of the individual intellect. “Individual interests and needs,” education scholar Ronald W. Evans writes in his book The Social Studies Wars, were for the committee “secondary to the needs of society as a whole.” --
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O sofremento do Obama

Leia mais

Alemanha - consequências do envelhecimento

Fachkräftemangel droht 
Stürzt Deutschland von der „Rentner-Klippe“?
Berlin – Deutschland steht vor der „Rentner-Klippe“!
2013 werden so viele Menschen wie nie zuvor aus dem Berufsleben ausscheiden – und immer weniger Berufseinsteiger folgen nach!
Laut Bundesinstitut für Berufsbildung scheiden zwischen 2010 und 2030 rund 19 Mio. Menschen aus dem Berufsleben aus, aber nur 15,5 Mio. folgen nach. „Damit gehen rund 3,5 Mio. Arbeitskräfte verloren“, so Gerd Zika vom Institut für Arbeitsmarkt und Berufsforschung. „Deutschland drohen damit gerade auf der mittleren Fachkräfte-Ebene extreme Engpässe“.
Besonders hart getroffen ist die Baubranche, dort gehen allein über 13 000 Menschen dieses Jahr in Rente. (hjk/kbr)
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China - envelhecimento sem riqueza

Überalterung in China Rotes Rentnerheer

05.01.2013 · Verstädterung und Überalterung treffen Chinas Dörfer mit voller Wucht. Die jungen Leute wandern ab, für die alten sichert die Rente nicht einmal das Existenzminimum. Schuld daran ist auch die Einkindpolitik. 

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Chavez

 Venezuela’s Chavez Battles for His Life

by Eric Margolis

"... Venezuela is the world’s eighth largest exporter of oil and Latin America’s leading producer of natural gas.
In spite of the long, bitter feud and name-calling between Caracas and Washington, Venezuela remains a primary oil supplier for the United States. Caracas even owns the US petroleum refiner and marketer, "Citgo." Ironically, another leftist state, Angola, is also now a leading oil supplier for the energy-devouring US market.
Cuba’s leaders are also watching President Chavez’s health crisis with mounting concern. Venezuela supplies Cuba with an annual $3.5 billion subsidy, including 15,000 bbls of oil daily. Venezuela is also building a large refinery in Cuba that will strengthen its economic independence. In exchange for oil, Cuba has provided Venezuela with 30,000 doctors.
The Soviet Union used to supply Communist Cuba with free oil until its collapse in 1991. Cuba wholly relied on this Soviet petroleum and sold the rest to earn hard currency. Commandante Chavez has always been a huge admirer of Cuba; he regards Fidel Castro as a father figure. So he was quick to throw a lifeline to sinking Cuba after Soviet aid evaporated. Washington was furious, to say the least, and sought to bolster internal opposition to Chavez’s populist socialist regime which is despised by middle and upper class Venezuelans
If Chavez loses his fight with cancer – and this could come in days – or if he is incapacitated, a new government in Venezuela may either sharply lessen or, if the rightist opposition wins office, completely end aid to Cuba. This would leave Cuba in desperate straits. Cuba does not have enough hard currency to buy oil on the open market.
Havana’s plight might offer Vladimir Putin off in Moscow a nifty way of needling Washington, which has lately been stepping on Russia’s toes in the Caucasus and Syria. China may also be tempted to quietly rescue Cuba as a tool for future use if the US challenges Beijing over Taiwan or the South China Sea. Imagine the uproar in America if Chinese Navy vessels began patrolling off Miami just as the US 7^th Fleet patrols the Taiwan Strait.
This column wishes Col. Chavez a speedy recovery. He is a big pain to Washington, a mixed-up socialist, and a blowhard, but he’s also colorful, big-hearted and amusing in a world full of dull leaders."
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Como motivar professores

How to motivate teachers? By exploiting their loss aversion, propose Roland Fryer, Steven Levitt, John List and Sally Sadoff: Pay them in advance and have them give back their money if students do not improve sufficiently.

Verdades impopulares

6 Harsh Truths That Will Make You a Better Person

By:

David Wong

Read more: http://www.cracked.com/blog/6-harsh-truths-that-will-make-you-better-person/#ixzz2Gxq8kCov

Fritz Haber (1868-1934)

Hank introduces us to the brilliant and heartless Fritz Haber, a great mind who is considered "the father chemical warfare," but who also made discoveries and innovations that helped lead to the Green Revolution which is credited with preventing the starvation of over a billion people.
Assista

Mudança permanante

Why You Won’t Be the Person You Expect to Be

Self-Perception, Past and Future: The Times’s John Tierney discusses new research showing that people tend to “underestimate how much they will change in the future.”

By JOHN TIERNEY

When we remember our past selves, they seem quite different. We know how much our personalities and tastes have changed over the years. But when we look ahead, somehow we expect ourselves to stay the same, a team of psychologists said Thursday, describing research they conducted of people’s self-perceptions.
They called this phenomenon the “end of history illusion,” in which people tend to “underestimate how much they will change in the future.” According to their research, which involved more than 19,000 people ages 18 to 68, the illusion persists from teenage years into retirement.
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Publicações 2012

A. P. Mueller 
Publicações 2012 

Central Banking - What Is It Good For?
 
The Economics of the Fiscal Cliff 

Storm Warnings for your Money Wealth

Quantitative Easing - Folly or Method?

Centro de Economia Aplicada da UFS 
Boletim de Conjuntura
Outubro
Julho
Abril

 2012 - O ano em retrospectiva 

A lenda do multiplicador fiscal
 
O pesadelo da dívida públicaOrdem Livre

A política monetária americana no caminho para a hiperinflação?
 
Por que austríacos lecionam em universidade públicas?
(junto com Fabio Barbieri e Ubiratan Jorge Iorio)
As raízes do estado intervencionista moderno 

O capitalismo de estado entra na bancarrota 

Does Europe Need a New Marshall Plan? 

O mito do Plano Marshall 

Brasil no voo da galinha 

O triunfo do estado-babá 

A função do sistema de preços 

The Continental Economic Curreny Review 

The Continental Economics Currency ReviewWorld Economic Outlook 

Inflation Targeting Hits the Wall 

2012 - World Economic Outlook 

Políticas de metas de inflação são a causa dos problemas, e não a solução 

What's Behind the Euro Crisis and How Will it End? 

What's Behind the Currency War?

"The Origin of the Crisis", Back on the Road to Serfdom. The Resurgence of Statism,
ed. by Thomas E. Woods,
ISI, Washington, DC, 2011 

O que está por trás da guerra cambial?
 
A função do sistema de preços 

Capital, dinheiro e crises econômicas 

Dinheiro e juros na perspectiva da Escola Austríaca

Crescimento econômico sem milagres

Democídio

STATISTICS OF DEMOCIDE:

Genocide and Mass Murder Since 1900

By R.J. Rummel

Charlottesville, Virginia:
Center for National Security Law,
School of Law, University of Virginia, 1997; and Transaction Publishers, Rutgers University

CONTENTS

Forward (by John Norton Moore)
Figures and Tables
Preface
Acknowledgments

1. Summary and Conclusions [Why Democide? Explanation and Proof]
2. Pre-Twentieth Century Democide

I. THE MEGAMURDERERS

Introduction to Part I
3. Japan's Savage Military
4. The Khmer Rouge Hell State
5. Turkey's Ethnic Purges
6. The Vietnamese War State
7. Poland's Ethnic Cleansing
8. The Pakistani Cutthroat State
9. Tito's Slaughterhouse
10. Orwellian North Korea
11. Barbarous Mexico
12. Feudal Russia

II. THE CENTI-KILO AND LESSER MURDERERS

13. Death by American bombing
14. The Gang of Centi-Kilo Murderers
15. The Lesser Murderers

III. STATISTICS OF DEMOCIDE, POWER, AND SOCIAL FIELD

16. The Social Field of Democide
17. Democracy, Power, and Democide
18. Social Diversity, Power, and Democide
19. Culture and Democide
20. The Socio-Economic and Geographic Context of Democide
21. War, Rebellion, and Democide
22. The Social Field and Democide
23. Democide Through the Years References

---

Morto pelo próprio governo

250 Million Innocent Civilians Exterminated by Their Own Government in the Past 100 years!

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Matar para proteger

Government sprayed nuclear material on the poor of St Louis and surrounding communities

http://xrepublic.tv/node/1605

Pi day

1913 - o começo do fim

Beware of Years that End in 13

JANUARY 02, 2013 by LAWRENCE W. REED

Before this one, the last year that ended in “13” turned out to be one of the unluckiest in American political history. Now comes word from astronomers that a recently discovered comet is heading our way in 2013, predicted by some to blaze ten times brighter than a full moon. If you’re afflicted with triskaidekaphobia (fear of the number 13), or if you believe the old myth that a comet is a bad omen, you’re already looking forward to 2014.

I’m not superstitious, but I earnestly hope 2013 doesn’t bring us anything as calamitous as 1913 did. It was a disastrous year that we’re still paying a hefty, annual price for a full century later.

The presidential election of 1912 featured three main contenders: Woodrow Wilson, the Democrat; William Howard Taft, the Republican incumbent; and former president Theodore Roosevelt, the candidate of the Progressive (or “Bull Moose”) Party. Teddy remains an overrated politician, but he was a colorful and commanding figure whose daughter Alice summed him up well: “My father always wanted to be the baby at every christening, the bride at every wedding, and the corpse at every funeral.” His vanity and animosity for Taft handed the election of 1912 to Wilson, arguably the worst president of the 44 who have held the office. His first of two dreadful terms commenced in March 1913.

Wilson’s racism and philandering are now legendary among serious historians. As president of Princeton University, he barred blacks from the campus. As President of the United States, he ordered the segregation of all departments within the executive branch and appointed ardent segregationists to high positions. He covered up his adulterous affairs while posturing as a man of personal integrity. He led us into a major war he had promised to avoid, then campaigned for a peace treaty that all but guaranteed the next great conflict. He locked up political dissidents right and left as he trampled on the Constitution’s guarantees of speech, assembly, and press freedoms. His wartime economic controls were hideously stupid and counterproductive.

1913 would rank as an unlucky year if all that had happened was Wilson’s ascendancy to the presidency. Three things he helped give us that year, however, make it unforgettable in the most pejorative sense: the income tax, the direct election of U.S. senators, and the Federal Reserve System.

Read more: http://www.fee.org/the_freeman/detail/beware-of-years-that-end-in-13#ixzz2GqlMS1G2

As sete regras da burocracia

Rule #1: Maintain the problem at all costs! The problem is the basis of power, perks, privileges, and security.
Rule #2: Use crisis and perceived crisis to increase your power and control.
Rule 2a. Force 11th-hour decisions, threaten the loss of options and opportunities, and limit the opposition's opportunity to review and critique
Rule #3: If there are not enough crises, manufacture them, even from nature, where none exist.
Rule #4: Control the flow and release of information while feigning openness.
Rule 4a: Deny, delay, obfuscate, spin, and lie.
Rule #5: Maximize public-relations exposure by creating a cover story that appeals to the universal need to help people.
Rule #6: Create vested support groups by distributing concentrated benefits and/or entitlements to these special interests, while distributing the costs broadly to one's political opponents.
Rule #7: Demonize the truth tellers who have the temerity to say, "The emperor has no clothes."
Rule 7a: Accuse the truth teller of one's own defects, deficiencies, crimes, and misdemeanors.

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A insustentabilidade de instituições "progressistas"

The painful performance of the American economy in the past decade is not a function of bad luck. It is the product of flawed institutional design. Right now we are reaping the harvest of efforts to reinvigorate the progressive programs of the New Deal that stress high progressive taxes, large transfer payments, strong labor laws, and major barriers to free trade.

This combination of public finance and market regulation has proved a potent force for disaster.

High marginal tax rates expose the political system to strong factional strife that stifles initiative, adds uncertainty and reduces overall revenues. To these multiple ailments, Epstein argues that the best recipe is a return to the flat tax of the classical liberal tradition.

The government has committed itself to substituting state mandates for voluntary arrangements in labor and real estate markets, disabling both by retarding job formation and roiling real estate markets. To these multiple ailments, Epstein argues that the best recipe is a reinvigoration of free markets that do not upset voluntary arrangements on the supposed grounds that they are unfair, one-sided or exploitive.

Just change these two levers, and we can find an effective classical liberal antidote to excesses of the modern progressive age.
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Veja também regras simples para o mundo complexo