sexta-feira, 31 de janeiro de 2014

Pode ler?


Top 10




Dear Antony P Mueller:

Your paper, "BEYOND KEYNES AND THE CLASSICS. OUTLINE OF THE GOODS SIDE/MONEY SIDE MODEL OF THE BUSINESS CYCLE AND MACROECONOMIC CONFIGURATIONS", was recently listed on SSRN's Top Ten download list for: ERN: Business Cycles (Topic).

As of 31 January 2014, your paper has been downloaded 215 times. You may view the abstract and download statistics at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2382233.

Top Ten Lists are updated on a daily basis. Click the following link(s) to view the Top Ten list for:

ERN: Business Cycles (Topic) Top Ten.

Sincerely,

Michael C. Jensen
Chairman

quinta-feira, 30 de janeiro de 2014

Fisica moderna

Uma Breve Conversa Entre Jim Carrey e Stephen Hawking (LEGENDADO)

Assista

Lugar errado pela Copa


The World Cup matters, but Brazil is the last place in the world that should host it.

Brazilians can blame it on FIFA all they want, but it’s really Brazil’s own fault.

Never has the government collected so many taxes and done so little with it. Brazilians work five months out of the year to pay their taxes. Brazilian companies waste 3 months in preparing their tax documents. And what do Brazilians get out of this? Nothing. Sub-standard schools (Brazilian recently ranked second-last in the PISA test, behind only Indonesia), terrible health clinics where people suffer abhorrent mistakes like having the wrong limb amputated, and absolutely no safety or security. The biggest tragedy in Brazil is the murder rate. There are 300 million people in the US, and there are 15,000 gun-related murders per year here. There are 200 million people in Brazil, and there are 50,000 gun-related murders/year there. There are cities in Brazil (like Maceió) where the murder rate are much higher than Basra, Baghdad, and Faluja. And this is where FIFA wants to host the World Cup? A country with a wartime death toll? At the height of the Lebanese Civil War, several thousand Lebanese refugees fled their homeland for a safer Brazil. Today, Brazil’s death toll from crime exceeds the death toll in Lebanon back then, some days, it exceeds the death toll in Syria’s current civil war.
Mais

quarta-feira, 29 de janeiro de 2014

O grande erro

Britain entering first world war was 'biggest error in modern history'

Historian Niall Ferguson says Britain could have lived with German victory and should have stayed out of war
  • The Guardian,
  • Niall Ferguson said arguments about honour resonated now as in 1914, 'but you can pay too high a price for upholding the notion of honour'. Photograph: Christian Sinibaldi for the Guardian
    Britain could have lived with a German victory in the first world war, and should have stayed out of the conflict in 1914, according to the historian Niall Ferguson, who described the intervention as "the biggest error in modern history".
    In an interview with BBC History Magazine, Ferguson said there had been no immediate threat to Britain, which could have faced a Germany-dominated Europe at a later date on its own terms, instead of rushing in unprepared, which led to catastrophic costs.
    "Britain could indeed have lived with a German victory. What's more, it would have been in Britain's interests to stay out in 1914," he said before a documentary based on his book The Pity of War, which will be screened by BBC2 as part of the broadcaster's centenary season.
    The Laurence A Tisch professor of history at Harvard University rejected the idea that Britain was forced to act in 1914 to secure its borders and the Channel ports. "This argument, which is very seductive, has one massive flaw in it, which is that Britain tolerated exactly that situation happening when Napoleon overran the European continent, and did not immediately send land forces to Europe. It wasn't until the peninsular war that Britain actually deployed ground forces against Napoleon. So strategically, if Britain had not gone to war in 1914, it would still have had the option to intervene later, just as it had the option to intervene after the revolutionary wars had been under way for some time."

    Mais

Nosso Brasil

Para Barbosa, prisões brasileiras são 'um inferno'

"As prisões são um problema muito sério no Brasil. No ano passado eu fiz visitas a presídios. O que posso dizer é que horror é a palavra mais adequada para definir as prisões brasileiras", disse ele, criticando o desinteresse da classe política por investimentos no sistema prisional. "Políticos não ligam para esse problema, porque eles não têm retorno político, não ganham votos", afirmou, reiterando: "Se não dá dividendos políticos, eles não ligam".
Ainda segundo Barbosa, além das condições precárias as penitenciárias brasileiras "estão por facções criminosas". "PCC e Comando Vermelho. Estes são os caras que controlam os presídios", advertiu. "Esta é a realidade."
Mais

Elon Musk sobre patentens

“We have essentially no patents in SpaceX. Our primary long-term competition is in China. If we published patents, it would be farcical, because the Chinese would just use them as a recipe book.”

Read more: http://www.businessinsider.com/best-elon-musk-quotes-tesla-2013-11?op=1#ixzz2rpMUMSMl


Foi apenas uma piada, diz Hawkins

Stephen Hawking surpreende ao dizer que buracos negros não existem

Físico é um dos responsáveis pela teoria moderna sobre buracos negros.
Para especialistas, proposta é plausível, porém radical.


Mais

Citações

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/men/the-filter/10556095/Ten-literary-quotes-we-all-get-wrong.html

Sabemos


terça-feira, 28 de janeiro de 2014

Sabedoria de T.S. Eliot

"The only wisdom we can hope to acquire
Is the wisdom of humility: humility is endless."
~ T.S. Eliot

"A única sabedoria a que podemos aspirar
É a sabedoria da humildade: a humildade é infinita."

segunda-feira, 27 de janeiro de 2014

A sabedoria de Arnold


A vantagem de pequenos estados

A economia global, a sociedade livre e a necessidade da secessão

O que podemos fazer quanto a isso?
Para a causa da liberdade, o melhor seria se a Europa se desintegrasse no maior número possível de micro-estados.  Isso também vale para a Alemanha.  Quanto menor a extensão espacial de um estado, mais fácil seria emigrar e, consequentemente, menos intrusivo e coercivo teria de ser o estado.  Afinal, seria de seu total interesse fazer de tudo para que as pessoas produtivas se sentissem estimuladas a permanecer dentro de seu território.
Estados pequenos possuem vários concorrentes geograficamente próximos.  Se um governo passar a tributar e a regulamentar mais do que seus concorrentes, a população emigrará, e o país sofrerá uma fuga de capital e mão-de-obra.  O governo ficará sem recursos e será forçado a revogar suas políticas confiscatórias. 
O senhor quer retornar ao "Kleinstaaterei", o sistema de mini-países que vigorou na Alemanha no século XIX?
Apenas veja a evolução econômica e cultural ocorrida naquela época.  No século XIX, a área da qual a Alemanha hoje faz parte era a principal região da Europa.  As grandes realizações culturais ocorreram em uma época em que não havia um estado grande e centralizado.  Os pequenos territórios viviam em intensa concorrência entre si.  Todos queriam ter as melhores bibliotecas, os melhores teatros, as melhores universidades.  Essa região era significativamente mais avançada — tanto em termos culturais quanto intelectuais — do que a França, que, àquela época, já possuía um governo centralizado.  À medida que toda a cultura foi centralizada em Paris, o resto do país caiu na obscuridade cultural.
HRE 1789.png
Mas o livre comércio seria ameaçado pela secessão e por esse retorno a um arranjo de nações fragmentadas
Muito pelo contrário.  Estados pequenos têm necessariamente de comercializar.  Não há alternativas, pois seu mercado interno não é grande e nem suficientemente diversificado para que a população possa viver de maneira autônoma e independente.  Se eles não praticarem um livre comércio, morrerão de fome em uma semana.  É exatamente o mesmo fenômeno que ocorre com uma cidade pequena dentro de um país grande.  Se ela se fechar completamente e não comercializar com as outras cidades, seus habitantes morrerão.
Quanto menor o país, maior será a pressão para que ele adote um genuíno livre comércio e maior será a oposição a medidas protecionistas.  Toda e qualquer interferência governamental sobre o comércio exterior leva a um empobrecimento relativo, tanto no país quanto no exterior.  Quanto menor um território e seu mercado interno, mais dramático será esse efeito.  Se os EUA adotarem um protecionismo mais forte, o padrão de vida médio dos americanos cairá, mas ninguém passará fome.  Já se uma pequena cidade, como Mônaco, fizesse o mesmo, haveria uma quase que imediata inanição generalizada.
Adicionalmente, estados pequenos e soberanos não podem permanentemente culpar forças externas quando algo vai mal em suas economias.  Na União Europeia, Bruxelas é frequentemente culpada por todos os tipos de malefícios vivenciados nos países da UE.  Já com estados pequenos e independentes, os governos teriam de aceitar a responsabilidade pelos problemas vivenciados em seus próprios territórios.  Isso gera um efeito pacificador nas relações entre os países.
Mas se cada um destes pequenos estados tivesse sua própria moeda, isso acabaria com a integração dos mercados de capital.
Estados pequenos não podem se dar ao luxo de utilizar uma moeda própria porque isso elevaria enormemente os custos de transação.  É como se você tivesse de trocar de moeda todas as vezes que fosse de uma cidade para outra dentro do mesmo país.  Isso seria um custo de transação irracional.  Logo, tais estados teriam de se esforçar, de forma natural, para adotar uma moeda em comum e que fosse independente de governos e fora da influência de políticos e burocratas.  Há uma grande probabilidade de que eles iriam concordar em adotar como moeda uma commodity como o ouro ou a prata, cujo valor é determinado pelo mercado. 
Em suma, a secessão também promoveria uma integração monetária e levaria à substituição do atual sistema monetário baseado em moedas fiduciárias nacionais — que flutuam entre si e se desvalorizam diariamente — por um padrão monetário baseado em uma commodity totalmente fora do controle dos governos.  Assim, o mundo seria formado por pequenos governos liberais e seria economicamente integrado por meio do livre comércio e de uma moeda-commodity internacional.  O Kleinstaaterei leva a mais mercado e a menos intervenção estatal no sistema monetário.

A beleza da beleza

Assista

Qualquer dá diz o físico mais famoso do mundo

Black hole theory my 'biggest blunder,' Stephen Hawking says

  • April 9, 2013: British cosmologist Stephen Hawking, who has motor neuron disease, gives a talk titled "A Brief History of Mine," to workers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles. (AP Photo/Cedars-Sinai, Eric Reed)
Stephen
Stephen Hawking now says light and information may be able to escape from black holes, doing an about-face on the objects that helped cement his reputation as the world’s preeminent scientist, New Scientist reports.
In 1974, Hawking took a black hole theory and added quantum mechanics, sparking a debate that rages to this day.
But now, after a bet with another physicist, Hawking says things may be able to escape from black holes.
According to New Scientist, Hawking originally said that when a black hole dies, it takes everything inside with it.  Now, 40 years later, he is arguing that it might be possible for light and information to escape.
Mais

Com a presidenta no caminho para Cuba

A foto de Dilma com o chef alemão do elegante restaurante Eleven, em Lisboa

Ele não escande os dentes, todo sorrisos, mas ela nem se deu ao trabalho de disfarçar a contrariedade. 


A foto ao lado de Dilma Rousseff com o chef do restaurante, o alemão Joachim Koerper, foi postada no Facebook do Eleven, um dos restaurantes mais caros de Lisboa, propriedade do grupo Lágrimas, de Miguel Júdice. O jantar foi realizado na noite de sábado, depois de se hospedar no elegantíssimo Ritz, R$ 26.400,00 a diária. Sua comitiva ocupou 40 apartamentos do Ritz e de outro hotel de Lisboa.

. Dilma está com cara de poucos amigos. 

. A viagem foi desnecessária e inesperada, fora do programa, simplesmente para que Dilma curtisse o final de semana em Portugal.

. Neste domingo, todos viajaram para Havana, onde, hoje, o governo brasileiro entregará o novo terminal de contêineres do porto de Mariel, construído pela Odebrecht (leia mais notas a seguir, abaixo).

sábado, 25 de janeiro de 2014

Gramsci no Brasil

A Tomada do Poder - Gramsci e a Comunização do Brasil - por Anatoli Oliynik
Em lugar algum no mundo o pensamento de Gramsci foi tão disciplinadamente aplicado como está sendo no Brasil, agora pelo PT, cuja nomenklatura governamental segue com rigor as orientações emanadas dosintelectualóides uspianos que dirigem o Foro de São Paulo e que têm como cartilha os Cadernos do Cárcere, de Gramsci.
Quem não está familiarizado com as ideologias políticas, por certo estará perguntando: Quem foi Gramsci e qual sua relação com o comunismo brasileiro?
Vídeo Clip
Antonio Gramsci (1891-1937), pensador e político foi um dos fundadores do Partido Comunista Italiano em 1921, e o primeiro teórico marxista a defender que a revolução na Europa Ocidental teria que se desviar muito do rumo seguido pelos bolcheviques russos, capitaneados por Vladimir Illitch Ulianov Lênin (1870-1924) e seguido por Iossif Vissirianovitch Djugatchvili Stalin (1879-1953).
Durante sua prisão na Itália em 1926, que se prolongou até 1935, escreveu inúmeros textos sobre o comunismo os quais começaram a ser publicados por partes na década de 30, e integralmente em 1975, sob o título Cadernos do Cárcere. Esta publicação, difundida em vários continentes, passou a ser o catecismo das esquerdas, que viram nela uma forma muito mais potente de realizar o velho sonho de implantar o totalitarismo, sem que fosse necessário o derramamento de sangue, como ocorreu na Rússia, na China, em Cuba, no Leste Europeu, na Coréia do Norte, no Camboja e no Vietnã do Norte, países que se tornaram vítimas da loucura coletiva detonada por ideólogos mentecaptos.
Anatoli Oliynik
Or. Curtiba-PR -
é Administrador,
Consultor de Empresas
e membro da Academia de Cultura de Curitiba.
Grande Secretário-Geral Adjunto de Orientação Ritualística para o Rito de York do
Grande Oriente do Brasil
e membro da Academia Paranaense de Letras - Maçônicas.

Ver Texto completo: http://www.averdadesufocada.com/index...

quinta-feira, 23 de janeiro de 2014

A burrocracia mata

O burocratismo é mais embaixo

Vejam esta lista. Nela encontram-se divididos os vencedores dos prêmios Nobel por país. Os Estados Unidos lideram com 320, o Reino Unido tem 116, a Alemanha 103, a França 57. O Brasil não tem nenhum. Zero. Conjunto vazio. Nossos vizinhos argentinos já somaram cinco. Até a Islândia, com uma população menor do que Piracicaba, já arrematou um Nobel.
As razões para a irrelevância brasileira nas ciências são muitas e de difícil medição, mas há uma tendência que nos mantem em ponto morto: o fato de que “os empregos estatais transformaram-se em objeto de cobiça dos melhores cérebros do País”. A frase não é minha. Aparece na revista Isto É desta semana, que comemora o fato de muitos dos brasileiros mais capazes intelectualmente não estarem na academia nem liderando o empreendedorismo, mas dentro da repartição.
A drenagem dos cérebros pela máquina pública só tende a piorar. De acordo com a revista:
Mais

A funçao da beleza e da arte

"Os grandes artistas do passado, estavam cientes de que a vida humana é cheia de caos e sofrimento. Mas eles tinham um remédio para isso, e o nome deste remédio, era beleza. A bela obra de arte traz consolação na tristeza e afirmação na alegria. Ela mostra que a vida humana vale a pena. Muitos artistas modernos se esqueceram desta sagrada tarefa, o caos da vida moderna, eles pensam, não pode ser redimido pela arte. Em vez disso, ele deveria ser exposto. [...] Houve um tempo em que a arte cultuava a beleza; agora fazemos um culto à feiura, no lugar. Sendo o mundo pertubador, a arte deveria ser perturbadora também. Aqueles que procuram beleza na arte apenas estão por fora da realidade moderna de beleza. As vezes a intenção é nos chocar, mas o que é chocante de início, se torna chato e vazio, quando repetido." - Roger Scruton

As vítimas de Ché (executados pessoalmente por Guevara)

Executados pessoalmente por Che em Sierra Maestra entre 1957 e 1958:

1. Aristio - 10-57
2. Manuel Capitán - 1957
3. Juan Chang - 9-57
4. “Bisco” Echevarría Martínez - 8-57
5. Eutimio Guerra - 2-18-57
6. Dionisio Lebrigio - 9-57
7. Juan Lebrigio - 9-57
8. El ” Negro ” Napoles- 2-18-57
9. “Chicho ” Osorio - 1-17-57
10. Un maestro no identificado (“El Maestro”) - 9-57
11-12. Dos hermanos, espías del grupo de Masferrer -9-57
13-14 Dos campesinos no identificados-4-57

Executados pessoalmente por Che ou sob suas ordens durante seu breve comando em Santa Clara (entre os dias 1º e 3 de Janeiro de 1959):

1. Ramón Alba - 1-3-59**
2. José Barroso- 1-59
3. Joaquín Casillas Lumpuy - 1-2-59**
4. Félix Cruz - 1-1-59
5. Alejandro García Olayón - 1-31-59**
6. Héctor Mirabal - 1-59
7. J. Mirabal- 1-59
8. Felix Montano - 1-59
9. Cornelio Rojas - 1-7-59**
10. Vilalla - 1-59
11. Domingo Alvarez Martínez 1-4-59**
12. Cano del Prieto -1-7-59**
13. José Fernández Martínez-1-2-59
14. José Grizel Segura-1-7-59** ( Manacas)
15. Arturo Pérez Pérez-1-24-59**
16. Ricardo Rodríguez Pérez-1-11-59**
17. Francisco Rosell -1-11-59
18. Ignacio Rosell Leyva -1-11-59
19. Antonio Ruíz Beltrán -1-11-59
20. Ramón Santos García-1-12-59
21. Pedro SocarrásS-1-12-59**
22. Manuel Valdés – 1-59
23. Tace José Veláquez -12-59**
**Che ordenou a pena de morte antes de deixar Santa Clara

Execuções documentadas na prisão Fortaleza de la Cabaña, sob o comando de Che, entre 3 de Janeiro e 26 de novembro de 1959

1. Vilau Abreu - 7-3-59
2. Humberto Aguiar - 1959
3. Garmán Aguirre - 1959
4. Pelayo Alayón - 2-59
5. José Luis Alfaro Sierra - 7-1-59
6. Pedro Alfaro - 7-25-59
7. Mriano Alonso - 7-1-59
8. José Alvaro - 3-1-59
9. Alvaro Anguieira Suárez – 1-4-59
10. Aniella - 1959
11. Mario Ares Polo- 1-2-59
12. José Ramón Bacallao - 12-23-59**
13. Severino Barrios - 12-9-59**
14. Eugenio Bécquer - 9-29-59
15. Francisco Bécquer - 7-2-59
16. Ramón Biscet– 7-5-59
17. Roberto Calzadilla - 1959
18. Eufemio Cano - 4-59
19. Juan Capote Fiallo - 5-1-59
20. Antonio Carralero - 2-4-59
21. Gertrudis Castellanos - 5-7-59
22. José Castaño Quevedo - 3-6-59.
23. Raúl Castaño - 5-30-59
24. Eufemio Chala - 12-16-59**
25. José Chamace - 10-15-59
26. José Chamizo - 3-59
27. Raúl Clausell - 1-28-59
28. Angel Clausell - 1-18-59
29. Demetrio Clausell - 1-2-59
30. José Clausell-1-29-59
31. Eloy Contreras- 1-18-59
32. Alberto Corbo - 12-7-59**
33. Emilio Cruz Pérez - 12-7-59**
34. Orestes Cruz – 1959
35. Adalberto Cuevas – 7-2-59**
36. Cuni - 1959
37. Antonio de Beche - 1-5-59
38. Mateo Delgado-12-4-59
39. Armando Delgado - 1-29-59
40. Ramón Despaigne - 1959
41. José Díaz Cabezas 7-30-59
42. Fidel Díaz Marquina – 4-9-59
43. Antonio Duarte - 7-2-59
44. Ramón Fernández Ojeda - 5-29-59
45. Rudy Fernández - 7-30-59
46. Ferrán Alfonso - 1-12-59
47. Salvador Ferrero - 6-29-59
48. Victor Figueredo - 1-59
49. Eduardo Forte - 3-20-59
50. Ugarde Galán - 1959
51. Rafael García Muñiz - 1-20-59
52. Adalberto García 6-6-59
53. Alberto García - 6-6-59
54. Jacinto García - 9-8-59
55. Evelio Gaspar - 12-4-59**
56. Armada Gil y Diez y Diez Cabezas- 12-4-59**
57. José González Malagón - 7-2-59
58. Evaristo Benerio González - 11-14-59
59. Ezequiel González-59
60. Secundino González - 1959
61. Ricardo Luis Grao – 2-3-59
62. Ricardo José Grau - 7-59
63. Oscar Guerra – 3-9-59
64. Julián Hernádez -2-9-59
65. Francisco Hernández Leyva – 4-15-59
66. Antonio Hernández - 2-14-59
67. Gerardo Hernández - 7-26-59
68. Olegario Hernández - 4-23-59
69. Secundino Hernández - 1-59
70. Rodolfo Hernández Falcón – 1-9-59
71. Raúl Herrera -2-18-59
72. Jesús Insua-7-30-59
73. Enrique Izquierdo- 7-3-- 59
74. Silvino Junco – 11-15-59
75. Enrique La Rosa- 1959
76. Bonifacio Lasaparla- 1959
77. Jesús Lazo Otaño -1959
78. Ariel Lima Lago – 8-1-59- (Menor)
79. René López Vidal -7-3-59
80. Armando Mas – 2-17-59
81. Ornelio Mata- 1-30-59
82. Evelio Mata Rodriguez- 2-8-59
83. Elpidio Mederos -1-9-59
84. José Medina -5-17-59
85. José Mesa 7-23-59
86. Fidel Mesquía Díaz 7-11-59
87. Juan Manuel Milián - 1959
88. Jose Milián Pérez – 4-3-59
89. Francisco Mirabal – 5-29-59
90. Luis Mirabal - 1959
91. Ernesto Morales - 1959
92. Pedro Morejón – 3-59
93. Carlos Muñoz M.D.- 1959
94. César Nicolardes Rojas- 1-7-59
95. Víctor Nicolardes Rojas- 1-7-59
96. José Nuñez – 3-59
97. Viterbo O’Reilly – 2-27-59
98. Félix Oviedo – 7-21-59
99. Manuel Paneque – 8-16-59
100. Pedro Pedroso – 12-1-59**
101. Diego Pérez Cuesta - 1959
102. Juan Pérez Hernández – 5-29-59
103. Diego Pérez Crela - 4-3-59
104. José Pozo – 1-59
105. Emilio Puebla – 4-30-59
106. Alfredo Pupo – 5-29-59
107. Secundino Ramírez – 4-2-59
108. Ramón Ramos - 4-23-59
109. Pablo Ravelo Jr. – 9-15-59
110. Rubén Rey Alberola – 2-27-59
111. Mario Risquelme – 1-29-59
112. Fernando Rivera – 10-8-59
113. Pablo Rivero- 5-59
114. Manuel Rodríguez – 3-1-59
115. Marcos Rodríguez -7-31-59
116. Nemesio Rodríguez – 7-30-59
117. Pablo Rodriguez – 10-1-59
118. Ricardo Rodriguez – 5-29-59
119. Olegario Rodriguez Fernández-4-23-59
120. José Saldara – 11-9-59
121. Pedro Santana – 2-59
122. Sergio Sierra – 1-9-59
123. Juan Silva – 8-59
124. Fausto Silva – 1-29-59
125. Elpidio Soler- 11-8-59
126. Jseús Sosa Blanco – 2-8-59
127. Renato Sosa- 6-28-59
128. Sergio Sosa – 8-20-59
129. Pedro Soto – 3-20-59
130. Oscar Suárez – 4-30-59
131. Rafael Tarrago – 2-18-59
132. Teodoro Tellez Cisneros- 1-3-59
133. Francisco Tellez-1-3-59
134. José Tin- 1-12-59
135. Francisco Travieso -1959
136. Leonrardo Trujillo – 2-27-59
137. Trujillo - 1959
138. Lupe Valdéz Barbosa – 3-22-59
139. Marcelino Valdéz – 7-21-59
140. Antonio Valentín – 3-22-59
141. Manuel Vázquez-3-22-59
142. Sergio Vázquez-5-29-59
143. Verdecia - 1959
144. Dámaso Zayas -7-23-59
145. José Alvarado -4-22-59
146. Leonoardo Baró- 1-12-59
147. Raúl Concepción Lima - 1959
148. Eladio Caro – 1-4-59
149. Carpintor - 1959
150. Carlos Corvo Martíenz - 1959
151. Juan Guillermo Cossío - 1959
152. Corporal Ortega – 7-11-59
153. Juan Manuel Prieto - 1959
154. Antonio Valdéz Mena – 5-11-59
155. Esteban Lastra – 1-59
156. Juan Felipe Cruz Serafín-6-59**
157. Bonifacio Grasso – 7-59
158. Feliciano Almenares – 12-8-59
159. Antonio Blanco Navarro – 12-10-59**
160. Albeto Carola – 6-5-59
161. Evaristo Guerra- 2-8-59
162. Cristobal Martínez – 1-16-59
163. Pedro Rodríguez – 1-10-59
164. Francisco Trujillo- 2-18-59
** Che ordenou a execução, mas ela se efetivou depois que ele havia deixado o comando
O New York Times da época noticiou outras 15 execuções, mas se desconhecem os nomes das vítimas. Cuba, no entanto, é um país amigo dos revanchistas brasileiros, como sabem.
Estas informações estão no livro Cuba: El costo humano de la revolución social, de Armando Armando Lago e no Archivo cuba: www.CubaArchive.org, uma iniciativa da FREE SOCIETY PROJECT Autoriza-se sua reprodução desde que se informe a procedência


Veja também:
Che Guevara: Anatomia de um psicopata 

O sistema de educação pública

"The public school system: Usually a twelve year sentence of mind control. Crushing creativity, smashing individualism, encouraging collectivism and compromise, destroying the exercise of intellectual inquiry, twisting it instead into meek subservience to authority." —Walter Karp

Aprenda diferenciar entre o Português do trabalho e da rua


quarta-feira, 22 de janeiro de 2014

Mueller's Macro

Novas contribuições
http://muellersmacro.tumblr.com/

Nova rede social

16 Reasons Liberty.me Is Going To Be Awesome

Liberty.me is the newest haven for libertarians—a digital city in the cloud. Come check it out! 

Inteligência emocional

The Dark Side of Emotional Intelligence

In some jobs, being in touch with emotions is essential. In others, it seems to be a detriment. And like any skill, being able to read people can be used for good or evil.

História da "humanidade"

O Grande Livro das Coisas Horríveis - Matthew White
http://pt.scribd.com/doc/168350110/O-Grande-Livro-das-Coisas-Horriveis-Matthew-White

Universidades brasileiras - condenada à mediocridade

Rogério Cezar de Cerqueira Leite
TENDÊNCIAS/DEBATES
Condenada à mediocridade
Para melhorar a gestão das universidades brasileiras, é preciso coragem política para adotarmos a fórmula da Organização Social
Desde seus tribulados primeiros passos, talvez em Bolonha (Itália), a instituição que hoje chamamos de universidade teve uma missão monolítica, a saber, gerar e difundir conhecimento. Embora ainda haja equívocos quanto à sua missão, um grande progresso foi alcançado quanto à compreensão da sua importância para a civilização.
Após 40 anos de proselitismo, parece que algumas verdades finalmente se tornaram autoevidentes. Hoje todos reconhecem que sem capacitação tecnológica não há desenvolvimento econômico, como também que sem atividade de pesquisa em ciência não há inovação. Concluímos que sem universidades de qualidade não há desenvolvimento econômico e social.
Pois bem, enfrentemos a trágica realidade. O ranking de universidades de maior credibilidade do mundo, o "Times Higher Education", examinou as 400 melhores. A USP ficou entre a 226ª e a 250ª posição. A Unicamp (Universidade Estadual de Campinas) entre a 301ª e a 350ª.
A humilhação é maior quando se compara universidades de países em desenvolvimento. O Brasil não está entre as dez primeiras e possui apenas uma entre as 20 primeiras, a USP. Já a Turquia, por exemplo, cujo PIB é um terço do brasileiro, tem três universidades entre as dez primeiras e cinco entre as 20 melhores.
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Nosso modelo da escola é obsoleto

Our Old Educational Models Are Obsolete

Glenn Harlan Reynolds argues that the information age will save American education from itself.

By George Leef

January 22, 2014

Bratwurst, Leica cameras, BMW automobiles, Beck’s beer, and so on—great German imports to the U.S. Few people realize that our educational system was also imported from Germany. Unlike those fine products, however, the 19th century educational concepts we imported from Germany are not working well any more.
That is the big argument that University of Tennessee law professor Glenn Harlan Reynolds makes in his just-published book The New School. He notes that both our K-12 system and the research university model were brought here by American intellectuals who admired Germany’s regimented approaches to education. The German K-12 system was thought essential to mass education for our rapidly industrializing nation and the German university was felt to be necessary to fostering academic research.
While those models may have had their virtues in the past, they work poorly today. The regimented classrooms for younger students that used to produce students who’d be “useful as future tools” is outmoded and often counter-productive; the traditional college degree bundle is high in cost but low in educational value for many students.
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terça-feira, 21 de janeiro de 2014

Os desafios da nova chefia do banco central americano

Vídeo clip de Antony Mueller sobre a política monetária americana
Desafios da nova chefia do banco central americano
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RB-x8wH-m-Q&feature=youtu.be

A nova estrutura do mundo

America is in decline, and the rise of the East suggests a bleak future for the world’s only superpower – so goes the conventional wisdom. But what if the traditional measures of national status are no longer as important as they once were? What if America’s well-being was assessed according to entirely different factors?

In The Upside of Down, Charles Kenny argues that America’s so-called decline is only relative to the newfound success of other countries. And there is tremendous upside to life in a wealthier world: Americans can benefit from better choices and cheaper prices offered by schools and hospitals in rising countries, and, without leaving home, avail themselves of the new inventions and products those countries will produce. The key to thriving in this world is to move past the jeremiads about America’s deteriorating status and figure out how best to take advantage of its new role in a multipolar world. A refreshing antidote to prophecies of American decline, The Upside of Down offers a fresh and highly optimistic look at America’s future in a wealthier world.
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Nos somos estrangeiros do futuro






Why We Procrastinate

We think of our future selves as strangers.

The British philosopher Derek Parfit espoused a severely reductionist view of personal identity in his seminal book, Reasons and Persons: It does not exist, at least not in the way we usually consider it. We humans, Parfit argued, are not a consistent identity moving through time, but a chain of successive selves, each tangentially linked to, and yet distinct from, the previous and subsequent ones. The boy who begins to smoke despite knowing that he may suffer from the habit decades later should not be judged harshly: “This boy does not identify with his future self,” Parfit wrote. “His attitude towards this future self is in some ways like his attitude to other people.”
Parfit’s view was controversial even among philosophers. But psychologists are beginning to understand that it may accurately describe our attitudes towards our own decision-making: It turns out that we see our future selves as strangers. Though we will inevitably share their fates, the people we will become in a decade, quarter century, or more, are unknown to us. This impedes our ability to make good choices on their—which of course is our own—behalf. That bright, shiny New Year’s resolution? If you feel perfectly justified in breaking it, it may be because it feels like it was a promise someone else made.
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Lista de 30 leituras do Economic Policy Journal

30 Lectures

One of the most popular posts, ever, at EPJ is The 30 Day Reading List that will Lead You to Becoming a Knowledgeable Libertarian. It has recently occurred to me that, thanks largely to the Mises Institute, there are many, many videos and audio tapes that can help in educating the student of liberty. Here are my top selections:
1. The State Is Too Dangerous to Tolerate by Robert Higgs
2. Banking and the Business Cycle by Murray Rothbard
3.The Myth of National Defense by Hans-Hermann Hoppe
4. Everything You Love You Owe to Capitalism by Lew Rockwell
5. The Austrians on Fascism: Hayek, Mises, and Roepke by David Gordon
6. The U.S. of Totalitarianism -Lew Rockwell interviews Doug Casey
7. The Privatization of Roads and Highways by Walter Block
8. The World at War by Ralph Raico
9. Economic Reasoning: The Most Common Fallacies by David Gordon
10.  Marxist and Austrian Class Analysis by Hans-Hermann Hoppe
11. Economics of Risk and Insurance  by Hans-Hermann Hoppe
12. The Role of Freedom in Economic Well Being: A Look at Evidence by Walter Block
13. 2+2 = 4 by Robert Wenzel
14. The Mises and Hayek Critiques of Modern Political State by Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn
15. Murray N. Rothbard: Go Thou and Do Likewise by Gary North
16. Inflation During the Civil War by Mark Thornton
17. Chicago Economics v. Austrian Economics by Murray Rothbard
18. Weaponized Keynesians -Lew Rockwell interviews Joe Salerno
19. Death by Politician by Yuri Maltsev
20. America’s Slow-Motion Fascist Coup -Lew Rockwell interviews Naomi Wolf
21. Lost Treasures in ‘Human Action’ by  Hans-Hermann Hoppe
22. Public Service Is an Ignoble Calling by Robert Higgs
23.The Meaning of Ludwig von Mises by Murray Rothbard
24. The Fed and the Power Eilte by Murray Rothbard
25. How Empires Bamboozle the Bourgeoisie by Lew Rockwell
26. Keynes and His Influence by Gary North
27. Time Preference, Capital, Technology, and Economic Growth by  Hans-Hermann Hoppe
28. Political Entrepreneurship and the Economics of Wealth Destruction by Thomas J. DiLorenzo
29. Did Keynesian Economics Win the Battle of Ideas? by Peter G. Klein
30. Mr. Libertarian, Murray N. Rothbard  by Jeff Riggenbach
For day31: The Good Life of Murray N. Rothbard  by JoAnn Rothbard
Reprinted with permission from Economic Policy Journal.

Um inverno de 10 anos


What caused a 10-year winter starting in 536?


What caused a 10-year winter starting in 536?


A winter that lasts years isn't just a problem in Game of Thrones. Roughly 1500 years ago, our world was turned upsidown by a winter that witnesses say "never ended." Now there is scientific evidence that there really was a decade of winter.
Scholars writing in Europe and Asia at the time reported that the year 536 and the years following were bitterly cold. They described conditions that reminded them of an eclipse, and claim that the sun remained "small," with ice frosting up crops even in summer. That year and the decade following were also times of great famine, plague and war — possibly connected to the devastating harvests that left many people hungry, angry, and wandering in search of more fertile lands.
Over at New Scientist, Colin Barras has a terrific article about the scientific quest to discover whether these reports have any basis in reality. For years, scientists have studied tree rings and ice cores, looking for clues that could reveal whether the weather change was caused by a supervolcano (which have been known to cool the planet considerably).
Some promising evidence suggests there may have been a supereruption in El Salvador, which could help explain why Maya settlements nearby mysteriously stopped producing written records for a few years. But that wouldn't explain why the planet remained cold for many years. Usually a supervolcano only affects the weather for a year at most.

Morto pelo médico

So gefährlich sind deutsche Krankenhäuser

Rund 19.000 Menschen sterben in Deutschland jedes Jahr durch Behandlungsfehler in Krankenhäusern. Das sind fünfmal so viele Todesfälle wie im Straßenverkehr. Das geht aus dem gerade vorgestellten Krankenhaus-Report der Krankenkasse AOK hervor. Lesen Sie hier, wie gefährlich deutsche Kliniken sind.

A maioria da pesquisa publicada é falsa

Why Most Published Research Findings Are False

  • John P. A. Ioannidis

Abstract

There is increasing concern that most current published research findings are false. The probability that a research claim is true may depend on study power and bias, the number of other studies on the same question, and, importantly, the ratio of true to no relationships among the relationships probed in each scientific field. In this framework, a research finding is less likely to be true when the studies conducted in a field are smaller; when effect sizes are smaller; when there is a greater number and lesser preselection of tested relationships; where there is greater flexibility in designs, definitions, outcomes, and analytical modes; when there is greater financial and other interest and prejudice; and when more teams are involved in a scientific field in chase of statistical significance. Simulations show that for most study designs and settings, it is more likely for a research claim to be false than true. Moreover, for many current scientific fields, claimed research findings may often be simply accurate measures of the prevailing bias. In this essay, I discuss the implications of these problems for the conduct and interpretation of research.
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Ciência não é verdade - a piada da empiria

New Truths That Only One Can See

Since 1955, The Journal of Irreproducible Results has offered “spoofs, parodies, whimsies, burlesques, lampoons and satires” about life in the laboratory. Among its greatest hits: “Acoustic Oscillations in Jell-O, With and Without Fruit, Subjected to Varying Levels of Stress” and “Utilizing Infinite Loops to Compute an Approximate Value of Infinity.” The good-natured jibes are a backhanded celebration of science. What really goes on in the lab is, by implication, of a loftier, more serious nature.
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segunda-feira, 20 de janeiro de 2014

Além do Keynes e os Clássicos

Beyond Keynes and the Classics.
Outline of the Goods Side/Money Side Model of the Business Cycle and Macroeconomic Configurations

Antony P Mueller


UFS - Federal University of Sergipe - Universidade Federal de Sergipe
January 20, 2014
Abstract:  

This paper presents the goods side/money side (GS/MS) model as a novel way of macroeconomic analysis. The GS/MS model goes beyond Keynesianism as it makes a sharp distinction between the goods side and the money side and thus avoids the indistinctness between real nominal values that come with spending in aggregate demand models. The GS/MS model transcends classical macroeconomics in its traditional and modern versions as it reinstates money as an active factor in the economy. Different from monetarism, the key monetary concept of the GS/MS model is “macroeconomic liquidity”, which includes velocity of circulation. The present paper presents the basic features of the GS/MS model and shows its use by analyzing macroeconomic configurations, the business cycle, and economic growth. The paper includes an appendix with an evaluation of macroeconomic configurations in the light of the GS/MS model.

MEC e as faculdades privadas

Nesse vídeo comento minha discordância em relação a recente decisão do MEC de fechar faculdades privadas.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BWN109Fuas0&feature=youtu.be

A civilzação do vinho

http://explore.noodle.org/post/73341429066/how-wine-colonized-the-world-6-000-years-in-40

Darwin ou Lamarck?

Does Evolution Evolve Under Pressure?

  • By Emily Singer, Quanta Magazine
The biologist, now at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, hoped to resolve a major debate that had rocked biology in different incarnations for more than 100 years. Were organisms capable of altering themselves to meet the needs of their environment, as Jean Baptiste Lamarck had proposed in the early 1800s? Or did mutations occur randomly, creating a mixture of harmful, harmless or beneficial outcomes, which in turn fueled the trial-and-error process of natural selection, as Charles Darwin proposed in “On the Origin of Species”?
Although Darwin’s ideas have clearly triumphed in modern biology, hints of a more Lamarckian style of inheritance have continued to surface. Rosenberg’s experiments were inspired by a controversial study, published in the late 1980s, that suggested that bacteria could somehow direct their evolution, “choosing which mutations will occur,” the authors wrote — a modern molecular biologist’s version of Lamarckian theory.
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sábado, 18 de janeiro de 2014

Silêncio


Capacidade da natureza e sua mensura

Nature's Capacities and Their Measurements (Clarendon Paperbacks) 

Nancy Cartwright
Ever since David Hume, empiricists have barred powers and capacities from nature. In this book Cartwright argues that capacities are essential in our scientific world, and, contrary to empiricist orthodoxy, that they can meet sufficiently strict demands for testability. Econometrics is one discipline where probabilities are used to measure causal capacities, and the technology of modern physics provides several examples of testing capacities (such as lasers) Cartwright concludes by applying the lessons of the book about capacities and probabilities to the explanation of the role of causality in quantum mechanics.

`an extremely important and worthwhile book. Cartwright has ventured into exciting but largely unknown philosophical terrain ... all philosophers of causation will profit greatly from her explorations ... she has introduced a number of important new strands to the theory of causation ... [the] wealth of detail gives the book a depth of purpose which is rare in the philosophy of science.' D. Papineau, British Journal for the Philosophy of Science

`an interesting and original contribution to the realist argument' L.Jonathan Cohen, Times Higher Education Supplment

`One of the admirable features of the book is its orientation towards constructive solutions to the problems it addresses ... Nature's Capacities and their Measurement provides us with a large variety of reasons for canvassing causal capacities in science. There are some things old, some things new, and some things borrowed within these covers of Oxford blue, but the whole package is undeniably provocative and thought provoking.' Paul Humphreys, University of Virginia, for Philosophy and Phenomenological Research
Cartwright presents a compelling case for the role of capacities in both natural and social science. Her examples strengthen the philosophical points in ways that take us well beyond traditional metaphysical arguments for capacities or dispositions.' Margaret Morrison, Trinity College, University of Toronto, for Philosophy and Phenomenological Research
`I think that Nancy Cartwright has written an interesting, informative, and penetrating book that defines a promising combination of realism and empiricism in the philosophy of science ... Cartwright's commendable book offers a rich, informed, and coherent approach to a variety of issues and topics pertaining to empiricism and realism in the philosophy of science.' Ellery Eells, University of Wisconsin-Madison, for Philosophy and Phenomenological Research
Nancy Cartwright is at London School of Economics and Political Science. 

A ideia da modernidade

Cosmopolis: The Hidden Agenda of Modernity

Stephen Toulmin
In the seventeenth century, a vision arose which was to captivate the Western imagination for the next three hundred years: the vision of Cosmopolis, a society as rationally ordered as the Newtonian view of nature. While fueling extraordinary advances in all fields of human endeavor, this vision perpetuated a hidden yet persistent agenda: the delusion that human nature and society could be fitted into precise and manageable rational categories. Stephen Toulmin confronts that agenda—its illusions and its consequences for our present and future world.
"By showing how different the last three centuries would have been if Montaigne, rather than Descartes, had been taken as a starting point, Toulmin helps destroy the illusion that the Cartesian quest for certainty is intrinsic to the nature of science or philosophy."—Richard M. Rorty, University of Virginia
"[Toulmin] has now tackled perhaps his most ambitious theme of all. . . . His aim is nothing less than to lay before us an account of both the origins and the prospects of our distinctively modern world. By charting the evolution of modernity, he hopes to show us what intellectual posture we ought to adopt as we confront the coming millennium."—Quentin Skinner, New York Review of Books

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Todo diferente

The Mind Doesn't Work That Way: The Scope and Limits of Computational Psychology Paperback

A disunião das ciências

Dupré's book is original, lucid and confident, without being eccentric, polemical or arrogant. It deserves close attention...Dupré insists that there is no general scientific method, process, or attitude...He pins down the notion of the unity of science as a form of scientism appropriate only to a Utopia or to totalitarianism. He notes that 'paradoxically, with the disunity of science comes a kind of unity of knowledge.' That is why, to my mind, this is just the kind of philosophical teaching that is needed to close the gap between the two cultures. (John Ziman Nature)

The thesis of 'disorder' has revolutionary implications for the practice of science...[This book] should be read by every student of the subject as an antidote to current philosophical correctness, and it should indeed suggest to professionals that many of the fashionable empires of analytic philosophy as well as philosophy of science are not well-clothed. (Mary Hesse International Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science)
John Dupré is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Stanford University and the editor of The Latest on the Best: Essays on Evolution and Optimality. 

Regra de terror na Inglaterra


Unusual Suspects
Pitt's Reign of Alarm and the Lost Generation of the 1790s
Kenneth R. Johnston
Cover
Description

Robespierre's Reign of Terror spawned an evil little twin in William Pitt the Younger's Reign of Alarm, 1792-1798. Terror begat Alarm. Many lives and careers were ruined in Britain as a result of the alarmist regime Pitt set up to suppress domestic dissent while waging his disastrous wars against republican France. Liberal young writers and intellectuals whose enthusiasm for the American and French revolutions raised hopes for Parliamentary reform at home saw their prospects blasted. Over a hundred trials for treason or sedition (more than ever before or since in British history) were staged against 'the usual suspects' - that is, political activists. But other, informal, vigilante means were used against the 'unusual suspects' of this book: jobs lost, contracts abrogated, engagements broken off, fellowships terminated, inheritances denied, and so on and on. As in the McCarthy era in 1950s America, blacklisting and rumor-mongering did as much damage as legal repression. Dozens of 'almost famous' writers saw their promising careers nipped in the bud: people like Helen Maria Williams, James Montgomery, William Frend, Gilbert Wakefield, John Thelwall, Joseph Priestley, Dr. Thomas Beddoes, Francis Wrangham and many others. Unusual Suspects tells the stories of some representative figures from this largely 'lost' generation, restoring their voices to nationalistic historical accounts that have drowned them in triumphal celebrations of the rise of English Romanticism and England's ultimate victory over Napoleon. Their stories are compared with similar experiences of the first Romantic generation: Coleridge, Wordsworth, Southey, Lamb, Burns, and Blake. Wordsworth famously said of this decade, 'bliss was it in that dawn to be alive, but to be young was very heaven!' These young people did not find it so-and neither, when we look more closely, did Wordsworth.