segunda-feira, 11 de maio de 2009

Propriedade intelectual

"... Mickey Mouse arrived in the 1928 cartoon Steamboat Willie, as Walt Disney became the first to combine animated cartoons with sound. It was a risk that paid off for Mr. Disney.
It may come as a surprise that Steamboat Willie could be considered copyright infringement by today's standards. Lawrence Lessig, a founder of Creative Commons, writes in Free Culture that earlier in 1928, Buster Keaton released his silent film Steamboat Bill Jr., which "appeared before Disney’s cartoon Steamboat Willie...Steamboat Willie is a direct cartoon parody of Steamboat Bill, and both are built upon a common song as a source." (22–23)
Walt Disney's crazy cartoon-with-sound idea became a hit, and the rest is pop-culture history. Disney, Inc. went on to make billions by retelling existing stories through animation and music. While benefiting from a variety of public-domain works, Disney has also lobbied to prevent their own works – along with everyone else's – from entering the public domain.
In Against Intellectual Monopoly, Boldrin and Levine demonstrate how a range of innovations, from the "Watt" steam engine to the "Wright brothers" airplane, were not created from whole cloth. They were slight modifications built upon the work of many previous inventors. Human culture evolves through copying, tinkering, remixing, and improving on each other's work..."
http://www.lewrockwell.com/orig8/bryan8.html

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