“As in the United States, across Africa a “revolution” in higher education, noted Kerr, had brought unprecedented enrollments; between 1950 and 1970, the number of colleges between the Sahara and the Limpopo grew from four to 30. In both the United States and East African nations such as Kenya and Tanzania, however, doubts about the contribution of higher education to economic growth and “development” had increased as underemployed college graduates “flooded” cities and “shunned agricultural and manual labor.” Standing squarely in the future he had once so confidently predicted, Kerr counseled his audience in Nairobi and across the decolonizing world to engage in a “more realistic” appraisal of the role higher education played in shaping society.”
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